William Glasser is an American psychiatrist who developed reality therapy and choice theory. His work has contributed to a diverse range of fields including education. Reality therapy is not the same as giving people a “dose of reality”, instead it is based on the idea that at all times, every person is trying to fulfill five needs, specifically: power, love & belonging, freedom, fun and survival. Reality therapy is about making realistic choices to fill the desires based on the five psychological needs. Glasser’s criticized classroom practice by saying that teachers are too concerned with making students obey rather than providing the satisfying educational experience that helps students fulfill their five needs. Glasser said in Choice Theory (1998) that 95% of all behavioral problems in the classroom are the students trying to fulfill their need for power. Glasser also described seven caring habits and seven deadly habits of the teacher. When dealing with a misbehaving student, teachers are encouraged to use reality therapy to modify the student’s behavior. The William Glasser Institute maintains a list of schools in the United States which are run according to Glasser’s philosophy, these are referred to as Quality Schools.
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